APF News

 

The Ship Harbor Interpretive Preserve, known as "SHIP," is an APF project designed to:

 

It is located between the Washington State Ferry Terminal on the west and residential developments near the cul de sac at Edwards Way on the east.  In addition to the 25 acres of freshwater wetlands, there are also five acres of upland habitat and 2,000 feet of sandy beach and subtidal eelgrass beds.

 

It is a rich and interesting area, with an abundance of plants and wildlife. Here great blue herons stalk their lunch, wrens and sparrows sing, small mammals scurry for shelter, Dungeness crabs raise their young, and hawks and sea gulls survey land and sea. The area is important to the general environment, providing habitat and protecting the quality of the water in the wetland and in adjacent marine areas.

 

 

 

 

 

Planning and engineering for the SHIP interpretive trail, shelter, terminal accesses, and interpretive signage is completed to the extent bid packages to contractors have been prepared and are ready for mailing for the first of three construction phases.   The Shoreline Permit has been approved and the building permit should be approved with construction  beginning in early 2010.

 

Phase 1 of the project is comprised of nearly 1,800 feet of 5 foot ADA approved compressed gravel path from the cul de sac with observation platforms, benches, interpretive nodes,  shoreline access  and signage.  Estimated cost is $250,000 and this amount has been budgeted by the City for year 2010.

 

Phase 2 is a 1,020 6 foot  boardwalk trail that extends the project into the wetlands and further west towards the ferry terminal where it will eventually link with the WSDOT link to the ferry terminal.  It will also have shoreline access points, interpretive nodes, bump outs and interpretive signage.  The estimated cost is $537,000, but could be reduced substantially if constructed by volunteers.

 

Phase 3 is an outdoor teaching station and shelter with room for 30 students or visitors.  It will have a natural floor, single wall to display materials, and perhaps a station to use educational programs by the SHIP Advisory Committee.  Unfortunately this structure cannot be build until the issues  with developers at the Edwards Way are satisfied.  This would probably be a volunteer phase of the project.

 

While some of the funds for SHIP are the product of developer permit conditions, these funds are not available until building units are sold.  The downturn of the real estate market has affected sales unfavorably, and as a result, the City of Anacortes has budgeted funds for Phase I.  Phase II is an important segment of SHIP, and Anacortes Parks Foundation and the City are working on plans to fund Phases II and III at a lesser cost than the Engineer’s estimate.

 

Owned by the City of Anacortes, the Parks and Recreation Department under capable leadership of Gary Robinson (also an APF Trustee) has the responsibility for completing the project.  While SHIP continues to be monitored by its founder, Anacortes  Parks Foundation, it is under the umbrella of the Parks Board, an advisory council for the City Parks and Recreation Department.  Because the purpose of the project has to do with education, environmental protection, and public access concerns, a special  committee consisting of naturalists, educators and scientists has been appointed to  provide guidance on management of SHIP activities and programs.  This body is under the capable leadership of Dr. Mark Backlund who has been a loyal and active member of the SHIP program since it began in 1995.

 

Original project plans included a formal trail system from the Washington State Ferry Terminal where ferry riders often visit the wetlands and beachfront.  When built, SHIP will attract even more from the ferry terminal to  the interpretive trail and beach while awaiting their ferries.  While WADOT originally agreed to construct the trail link on the western terminal with  an ADA access trail, it lost its funding and users will continue to use informal trails  from the terminal as they have in the past until funds are available.  The Mayor of Anacortes and others continue to work with WSDOT to restore funding. Trail planning at the eastern terminal has been problematical because of developer issues.  While the City continues to work with developers, SHIP will use temporary trails to access the formal section of the trail.

 

 

 

 

 

Many readers will remember the early efforts to create SHIP by many volunteers and financial supporters.  Many hours were spent laying the foundation for a project that would benefit an endangered ecosystem, and at the same time provide an outdoor classroom for students and the public to learn about the biota and history of Ship Harbor wetlands and shoreline.  Anacortes Parks Foundation has included a short history on the project, believing the public might like to know something about the origin and early planning of SHIP.

 

In late 1997, Gale Brink, Commissioner for the Port of Anacortes approached Jim Falk, President of Anacortes Parks Foundation to see if it was interested in developing a wetlands interpretive center at Ship Harbor.  The Foundation expressed an interest and formed a Steering Committee led by Jim Falk with Dr. Mark Backlund representing the environmental community and Evergreen Islands, Dr. Steven Sulkin, Director, Shannon Point Marine Center representing the education and scientific disciplines, and Gale Brink representing the public.  The Ship Harbor Interpretive Preserve (SHIP) was born.

 

 

 

The project was accepted and funds were sought from State and other agencies to initially plan the effort.  Some 60 volunteers rolled up their sleeves and inventoried animal and plant life, studied hydrology, researched social and economic history, planned a trail system that would best protect the ecosystem, looked for 'best ways' to educate local students and the public, and....began a search for funds.  Working partners were Shannon Point Marine Center, City of Anacortes, Port of Anacortes, Samish Indian Nation, Washington State Ferry System, Evergreen Islands, Washington State Department of Ecology, Anacortes School District, and most importantly...the general public.

 

The Steering Committee, with some 60 volunteers worked continuously for several years on the functions of trail planning, funding, education, site photography, wild and plant life inventories, and  hydrology monitoring projects.   Some $76,000 in grants and in-kind donations was raised for brochures, planning, engineering, and other infrastructure needs.  Volunteers however, were constantly frustrated  with problems of property ownership, developer/permit issues, environmental and other concerns, and it wasn't until until Gilbane, a qualified developer agreed to purchase the property from the Port of Anacortes and donate the wetlands to the City that real progress was made. Gilbane, a environmentally-friendly developer, also doubled its residential impact obligation to the City with funding to go to SHIP.  By this time, Anacortes Parks Foundation had obtained a Shoreline Permit for the project and applauded the transfer of the property to the City of Anacortes allowing SHIP to be developed.  The City then assumed the responsibility to carry on the construction of the SHIP interpretive trail system.

 

 

 

Information Courtesy of the Anacortes Museum

 

Ship Harbor was given its name when the warship USS Massachusetts was dispatched to the San Juan Islands in the mid1850s to protect American interests and “exhort” the Indian tribes to meet with Government officials to negotiate treaties.  The Vessel was anchored in the protected bay during its tour and locals named site, “Ship Harbor.”

 

For hundreds of years, the Samish used Ship Harbor as a fishing site. Later, some of the largest salmon canneries in the world operated there.

 

Salmon canning was important in the history of Anacortes, especially in the period between 1905 and 1917, called "the most prosperous period in the history of the city," during which time

 

Anacortes was often referred to as "the salmon canning capital of the world." Ship Harbor was the site of two major canneries.

The first cannery on Fidalgo Island was opened at Ship Harbor in 1894 -- the Fidalgo Island Packing Company. It would become one of the largest salmon canneries in the world. It later changed its name to Fidalgo Island Canning Company before closing in 1933 and moving to Canada. Two of its well-known labels were "Holly Leaf" brand salmon -- "packed fresh on Puget Sound" -- and "Wild Rose" brand. Another of the several local canning companies, Anacortes Canning Company, was also located at Ship Harbor. Alaska Packer Association purchased it in 1904 and it closed in 1934.

 

Other industries in Anacortes were an outgrowth of the canneries. By 1911, for example, Anacortes had the largest fertilizer and glue factory west of the Mississippi, which used fish waste.

 

The many cannery buildings at Ship Harbor are all gone now except for some pilings; a few of the buildings stood there, abandoned, until the 1980's, when they were finally torn down. At one time, the cannery community at Ship Harbor included, in addition to the main cannery buildings and warehouses, bunkhouses and mess halls for workers, an office building, a general store, a blacksmith shop, a carpentry and paint shop, houses, sheds, pig pens, chicken coops, net houses and net racks.

 

All the canneries were dependent on cheap labor, usually supplied by Chinese and Japanese migrant laborers. Over 400 Chinese worked at the canneries at Ship Harbor. In addition to the labor of fish cleaning and processing, for example, each can was made by hand. Workers lived on the site and were discouraged from roaming. Few had families with them; most were bachelors trying to make enough money to return home and marry.

 

Despite the attempt to keep the Asian workers isolated, local culture was enriched. There was a Buddhist temple at 6th and "I" streets in Anacortes. Locals enjoyed Chinese firecracker displays at both Fourth of July and Chinese New Year. "Their vegetables gardens were famous and they supplied the tables of the Chinese cookhouse in abundance." "...contact with these people was pleasant, their word their bond in business dealings...." However, racism was rampant. There was even an "Anti-Mongolian League," an early organization for the purpose of "controlling" the Chinese in Anacortes.

 

At Fidalgo Island Packing, there were also local Indians and white women from town who handled some of the fish processing. A 1914 photo shows white women with long skirts, full-length aprons, gloves, and fabric bonnets. "Ten Greeks"stayed at the cannery all year around to mend and tar the fish nets.

 

In 1902, an inventor, E.A. Smith, made a fish-cleaning machine called the "Iron Chink." Its purpose, Smith said, was "to do away with Chinamen." Whatever its initial inspiration, the Iron Chink turned out to make the fish processing business more efficient and profitable, taking the place of 15 men on each fish line. It is considered to have been "the greatest technological advancement in the history of the salmon canning industry." Another technological advance, the vacuum canning method, was developed by Adolf Malmquist of Bellingham in 1913. (an “Iron Chink” is displayed in the museum in Victoria, B.C.)

The banner year for the Anacortes canneries was 1913, when 39 million salmon were caught. Anacortes canneries alone did more than $3 million worth of business that year. There were later brief bursts of abundance, but overall, salmon runs permanently dwindled.

 

The canneries and the activities associated with them now are gone from Ship Harbor, and the Ship Harbor wetland has regained much of its natural character and function.